Maize, also known as corn, is a cereal crop that originated in Mesoamerica and is now one of the most widely grown staple foods worldwide. It belongs to the grass family Poaceae and thrives in a variety of climates, making it a key agricultural commodity. Maize is highly versatile and serves as a primary food source for humans and livestock, as well as a raw material for industries producing biofuels, starch, and sweeteners. Rich in carbohydrates, fiber, and essential nutrients, maize plays a crucial role in global food security. It is cultivated in different varieties, including sweet corn, dent corn, and flint corn, each suited for specific uses. The United States, China, and Brazil are among the largest maize-producing countries, contributing significantly to the global supply.